To start from the beginning, when you are using a container you don’t have to “plug” the USB device to the container. As @deanayalon suggested, you normally plug the usb device to the host and mount the folder on the drive to the container.
The tricky part is that when you are using Docker Desktop, you are using a virtual machine. It would not be a problem as the WSL2 backend let’s you access the host filesystem, but on my machine, it looks like not to the USB device. So when I mount a file from the host, the folder in the container is empty. I tried checking what Docker Desktop saw actually and it created the “container” folder I mounted from the USB drive, inside Docker Desktop possibly because it knew from the definition that it should be the source path, but the virtual machine itself knows nothing about the actual source.
I don’t use Dcoker Desktop on Windows often or WSL2, but I expected WSL to see the USB drive too after mounting it on Windows, but it didn’t happen. Maybe because WSL needs USBIPD to access USB devices
But I could not make it work to access the USB device in WSL2, not to mention Docker Desktop.