for some basic persistent storage you can use NFS , but for databases it might be too slow.
Here is a blog post and code examples with a solution using NFS
https://www.vip-consult.solutions/post/persistent-storage-docker-swarm-nfs#content
I am also working on an easy percona cluster as a docker swarm service that supports scaling without any external discovery service requirement.
It will run as a global service so each node will have a dedicated volume storage that won’t be lost between restarts, but the sync between the databases will be done on a software level.
I will post it here when ready , but it also might be merged with the official percona cluster image on the docker hub