I must admit it is not clear what you realy want.
What is stopping you from exposing port 80 for your container and configure it in your apache.conf?
I am wondering what makes it impossible for you to apply the knowledge you gained on the host to the container…
The only run command you pasted makes me afraid that you try to use docker in a way it is not designed to be used: as a 1:1 replacement for a vm.
It is impossible to help with the given details. Sorry and good luck on your journey!