Is there a possibility to configure the load balancing method (e.g. (weighted) least connection, source/destination hashing…) of the swarm mode routing mesh?
The swarm mode routing mesh aka ingress acts on layer4 and does not know about those configuration details you ask for. The documentation can be found here: https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/ingress/. The link you pasted is aimed towards “why using the interlock proxy as advantages”.
If you have an enterprise license: you are entitled to use the interlock proxy, which is part of UCP. It is a layer7 reverse proxy/loadbalancer. Back in the days when I tried early versions of interlock it had some limitiations. From what i read in the change log the current versions seem to be close what traefik is capable to do.
If you are running on Docker-CE, you might want to take a look at traefik.