I was having this same issue on my Raspberry Pi 4. I came across another forum thread that resolved the issue for me by adding more nameservers.
Link to the post:
stackoverflow - Error response from daemon…
Heres the OP if you dont want to use the link:
"I had similar issue on Ubuntu 16.04 and manage to solve it by adding more nameservers
You can try too.
Open config file sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf and add the following under existing nameservers
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
run following commands to restart daemon and docker service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
Now try to pull image you want docker pull hello-world "
Note: I did use docker compose up -d to create my container instead of ‘docker pull…’ as I already had the dir and yaml file setup. So that’s the only part I cant confirm works or not.