The short answer is yes its entirely possible (see the response from @meyay above). AWS ECR supports the registry v2 API as per DockerHub, Quay, et al. The notion of repositories and image versions might take a small mental adjustment but it depends what other experience you have. The main area where many have difficulty is in dealing with the ECR login since that requires not only AWS credentials and one or more policies that provide authentication and access controls to the ECR service and all of the operations needed by that account (push, pull, delete, etc.), but also the separate login to ECR itself which results in temporary credentials being issued (attached to the AWS account and policy). By default the ECR login token expires after 6 hours (or is it 12 … its been a while since I used ECR) so needs to be renewed periodically (login details are cached locally with a timestamp - you could login and get new creds every time but that’s a bit clumsy and unnecessary). The AWS account credentials follow the normal precedence rules for where those can be sourced which no doubt you are familiar with. All of the above is reasonably well documented on AWS and there is a specific credentials helper which can … well help.
HTHs
Fraser.