I’m having the same problem with Docker for Windows in a Windows 10 VM (VMWare Fusion). I tested both the stable and beta versions, and I’ve tried all the suggestions I could find (including http://techbrij.com/docker-hyperv-windows-10-issues); all to no avail. I also saw a comment that suggests it might be fixed in a later release, but that post isn’t specific to VMWare, so not sure if that would solve the issue here.
Did you make any progress with this?
I’m currently falling back to Docker Toolbox, but I would rather use Docker for Windows.