Endless "are you sure you want to open it" prompts for Docker.app after OS update

Just updated to Mac OS 13.4 on M1. I recently installed the latest Docker Desktop.

After rebooting following an OS update, I’m getting never-ending pop-ups for Docker.app:

“Docker.app” is an app downloaded from the Internet. Are you sure you want to open it?

First of all, I’m not attempting to open it, and it’s not listed among log-in items. It and a mysterious “Docker” (no “.app”) are listed among things allowed to run in the background, however.

Unfortunately Apple’s “log-in items” dialog has a major defect: It doesn’t show where the vast majority of listed items reside.

Anybody know what’s causing these pop-ups? Thanks!