Is this the first time you install the extension? Is it possible that you have an image with the same tag but it is actually different?
Please, run the following commands to get the tags and the digests of the image:
docker image inspect drone/drone-ci-docker-extension:0.2.0 --format '{{ json .RepoTags }}'
docker image inspect drone/drone-ci-docker-extension:0.2.0 --format '{{ json .RepoDigests }}'
I managed to reproduce the issue when I ran
docker image pull drone/drone-ci-docker-extension:0.2.0
and
docker image pull drone/drone-ci-docker-extension:0.2.0-linux-arm64
on my macOS which has an ARM cpu. I got multiple digests and the extension installation did not work until I removed all of the tags and pulled docker image inspect drone/drone-ci-docker-extension:0.2.0 again or I just let Docker Desktop to pull the image.
On Windows I guess you could similar issue but with the amd64 image.